In such situations, children need antibiotics or else they may suffer not only more pain but irreversible injury and possibly death. My patients on inulin just stay on inulin, they may relapse a little temporarily but bounce right back afterward. My patients who have been previously treated with rifaximin sometimes just need a reset with rifaximin again if they don’t bounce back within a week or 2 after the antibiotics. It is important to realize that children may be greatly harmed if certain infections are not treated with antibiotics. If you are hesitant to give them, nicely ask the prescribing physician if there is any other way to treat the condition. On some occasions (e.g., upper respiratory infections without ear infections), the physician may say waiting to see if it ‘clears up on its own’ might be an option.